Hydrology and Water Budget Analysis in The Nam Lik River Basin, Lao PDR Hydrology and Water Budget Analysis in The Nam Lik River Basin, Lao PDR

motion analysis, lifting mechanism, hydraulic pressure

Abstract

Water is an essential essence of biodiversity and human life. It is available on the earth's surface to determine the abundance of animals and plants, including human consumption for producing food and manufacturing. All the life forms on earth require water for their sustenance and survival. The contest or conflict among humans and between humans and other life forms is an escapable consequence of the burgeoning population and limited water resources. Such competition resolution needs decisions based on science and societal development values. Informed decision-making is required to develop an understanding of the hydrologic cycle. The water budget and runoff in a basin have a very stable base on the river flow even at the dry season's end and the rainy season's beginning, even though there is heavy rain and quick flow while raining. The alteration and water resource capacity are impacted by population growth and economic development. The development can change the natural water supply and severely affect the area, particularly nearby drainage areas. The tentative existing water budget was proposed in this paper. This study focuses on the Nam Lik and Nam Song River Basins, the subbasin of Nam Nguem River Basin, where high rainfall and rapid development dramatically degrade the hydrologic cycle. The author investigated such basins' water budget. It represented the variation in water storage as a balance of the total rainfall, evaporation, and runoff. The water budget components are obtained from ground gauging observation. This study examined the water budget during the 23 years of 1996-2018; the average annual rainfall and runoff were calculated as 2832 mm/year and 1451 mm/year, respectively. The average yearly water loss was 1325 mm/year, and the average annual balance was 56 mm/year. The balanced result shows a positive value that indicates that storage is being enough to recharge for human usage. Most of the rainfall lost was found throughout the evapotranspiration.